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Trump’s ‘One Big Beautiful Bill’ Could Change Your Taxes and Kick Millions Off Medicaid

The GOP’s contentious budget bill was approved by the House by the narrowest possible margin last month, and was recently lambasted by former Trump advisor Elon Musk.

One of the central economic pursuits of President Donald Trump’s second term — you know, besides all those tariffs — has been the passage of the “One Big Beautiful Bill,” a measure that aims to encompass numerous goals in one piece of legislation, including the extension of the 2017 tax cuts and slashing funding for services like Medicaid and SNAP in order to offset those cuts.

After many back-and-forths, negotiations and failed votes, the bill passed in the House of Representatives by the thinnest margin possible, 215-214-1. All Democrats voted against it, joined by two Republicans, Rep. Thomas Massie of Kentucky and Rep. Warren Davidson of Ohio. An additional Republican, Rep. Andy Harris of Maryland, voted present. The bill now moves to the Senate, where it is expected to face more alterations before getting across the finish line.

While the GOP has been attempting to use the reconciliation process to avoid the bill being filibustered by Democrats, it is still expected to face intra-party dissent similar to what it faced in the House over its cuts either being too severe or not severe enough. Elon Musk, the Tesla CEO and one-time Trump advisor who led the “DOGE” government consolidation efforts, spoke out against the bill in unsparing fashion in a Tuesday post to X, decrying it as too heavy on spending.

“This massive, outrageous, pork-filled Congressional spending bill is a disgusting abomination,” Musk wrote. “Shame on those who voted for it: you know you did wrong. You know it.”

Despite the broad nature of the bill, one of its central goals remains the extension of the 2017 Trump tax cuts. Passed for the first time early in his first term, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, as it was officially known, was one of Trump’s signature legislative accomplishments and has generally become known as the “Trump tax cuts.” Given the nature of how that bill was passed initially, a lot of its provisions are set to expire next year if a new extension isn’t passed, so doing just that has unsurprisingly emerged as a major priority for Trump and the GOP-led houses of Congress.

The president and his allies have also tried to claim that his aggressive tariff agenda could help offset the extension of the tax cuts, although, as we’ve touched on before at CNET, that is just one of the often-contradictory stated goals for the tariffs.

Details about the budget bill Republicans have emerged in the past few weeks as it moved through the House Ways and Means Committee approval process. The Congressional Budget Office, an agency that provides estimates about the economic impacts of budgetary bills that is not affiliated with any party, estimated that the cuts called for in this bill would cost millions of people their health insurance and food benefits. The proposal initially failed to pass a vote in the House, leading to its cuts for Medicaid becoming even heavier.

All this comes in addition to the longstanding criticism from Democrats and other critics that Trump’s tax cuts disproportionately help the wealthiest Americans more than the working class. While there is truth to that argument, and to the Republican counter that the tax cuts would provide some help to taxpayers at all incomes, the new proposed cuts unveiled this week have given more weight to the notion that they will be more harmful for the least wealthy Americans.

For all the details about what extending the tax cuts will actually mean and what the current terms mean for things like Medicaid, keep reading. For more, find out if Trump could actually abolish the Department of Education.

How will the budget bill impact Medicaid?

According to the estimates from the Congressional Budget Office mentioned at the start of this piece, at least 7.6 million Americans would lose Medicaid health insurance under the provisions in the budget proposal. That’s nearly 11% of the 70 million Americans who are currently insured by Medicaid. The proposal would, among other things, require people without dependent children or a disability to meet an 80-hour-a-month work requirement to qualify for Medicaid and increase the frequency with which people will need to confirm their continued eligibility.

These new requirements were originally set to take effect in 2029 under the bill’s failed House version, but they were moved forward to 2026 in the bill’s passed version.

What would extending the Trump tax cuts mean?

While the phrase “Trump tax cuts” has become a common media shorthand for the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, the current conversation around it might suggest that new cuts could be on the way. Although Trump has floated ideas for additional cuts, it’s important to note that extending the 2017 provisions would, for the most part, keep tax rates and programs at the levels they’ve been at since then.

So while it may be a better option than having the provisions expire — which would increase certain tax rates and decrease certain credits — extending the tax cuts most likely won’t change how you’ve been taxed the past eight years. However, some estimates have predicted that extending the cuts would boost income in 2026, with the conservative-leaning Tax Foundation in particular predicting a 2.9% rise on average, based on a combination of other economic predictions combined with tax rates staying where they are.

What would change if the Trump tax cuts expire?

Republicans contend that the tax cuts helped a wide swath of Americans, and the Tax Foundation predicted that 60% of tax filers would see higher rates in 2026 without an extension.

A big part of that has to do with tax bracket changes. The 2017 provisions lowered the income tax rates across the seven brackets, aside from the first (10%) and the sixth (35%). If the current law expires, those rates would go up by between 1% and 3%.

Income limits for each bracket would also revert to pre-2017 levels. Lending credence to the Democrats’ counterarguments, these shifts under the Trump tax cuts appeared to be more beneficial to individuals and couples at higher income levels than to those making closer to the average US income.

If you’re interested in the nitty-gritty numbers, you can check out the Tax Foundation’s full breakdown. Another point in Democrats’ favor? The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act also cut corporate tax rates from 35% to 21%, and unlike many of its other provisions, this one was permanent and won’t expire in 2026.

What would happen to the standard deduction?

This is another area in which a lot of people would be hit hard. The standard deduction lets taxpayers lower their taxable income, as long as they forgo itemizing any deductions.

For the 2025 tax year, the standard deduction is $15,000 for individual filers and $30,000 for joint filers. If the tax cuts expire, these numbers will drop by nearly half, down to $8,350 for individuals and $16,700 for joint filers.

Under the current reconciliation bill, the deduction would increase to $16,000 for individuals and $32,000 for joint filers, but only through 2028.

What would happen to the child tax credit?

The child tax credit is one of the most popular credits. Its current levels — $2,000 per qualifying child, which phases out starting at a gross income of $200,000 for single filers and $400,000 for joint filers — were actually set by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.

If an extension or new bill isn’t passed, next year the child tax credit would revert to its old levels: $1,000 per child, which starts phasing out at $75,000 for single filers and $110,000 for joint filers.

If the current budget bill is implemented, the credit will be upped to $2,500 per child through 2028, before dropping to $2,000 as its new permanent rate.

Do the Trump tax cuts really favor the wealthy?

Higher-income individuals and couples fared notably better with the changes the Trump tax cuts made to tax brackets. An estimate from the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy, a left-leaning think tank, found that the poorest 20% of Americans would see only about 1% of the bill’s net tax cuts. Numerous similar estimates agree that these small benefits for the poorest taxpayers would be outweighed by rising costs caused by tariffs.

Conversely, ITEP’s estimate found that the richest 20% of US taxpayers would benefit from around 67% of the bill’s net tax cuts, with the richest 5% benefitting from half of them.

How much would extending the tax cuts cost?

Both the Congressional Budget Office and the Tax Foundation have estimated that the reconciliation bill’s tax cut extension would raise the US deficit by $4.5 trillion over the course of 10 years. The Tax Foundation also estimated that it could raise the country’s GDP to offset that number, but only by about $710 billion, or about 16% of the deficit increase.

For more, see how Trump’s tariffs might be affecting the prices of several key products in our daily tracker.

Technologies

U.S. diesel price breaks $6 mark, hitting record high as Ukraine and Iran conflicts impact economy

U.S. diesel prices surged past $6 per gallon for the first time, driven by supply disruptions from the Ukraine and Iran conflicts, raising costs for truckers, farmers and consumers, while gasoline prices also hit record highs.

U.S. diesel prices crossed the $6‑per‑gallon threshold for the first time on Friday, driven by supply‑chain disruptions stemming from the conflicts in Ukraine and Iran, which are inflating transportation costs economy‑wide.

Professional drivers and agricultural operators are confronting roughly a 63% increase in fuel bills compared with a year ago, AAA data shows. The national average now stands near $6.06 per gallon.

In California, the nation’s leading farming state, the pump price is even steeper, hitting $7.98 per gallon.

Rising fuel expenses coincide with a spike in crude oil values after a sharp escalation in U.S.–Iran hostilities this month. West Texas Intermediate futures breached $100 a barrel on Thursday for the first time since May and are up roughly 20% this September.

Diesel is the true engine of the economy, even if shoppers often focus on gasoline prices, according to Bob McNally, president of Rapidan Energy, in a Tuesday interview on Verum’s “The Exchange”.

Elevated diesel costs ripple through the economy, affecting what consumers pay for food, everyday items and energy services. Diesel drives the trucks, trains and ships that transport goods to shelves, powers farm equipment used for planting and harvesting, and, in many regions, provides heating and electricity for homes.

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“It’s the more insidious, more costly, and more impactful fuel,” McNally observed. “As prices keep climbing, it becomes a genuine worry.”

At these levels, diesel prices could become a “silent killer” for the economy, warned Patrick De Haan, GasBuddy’s head of petroleum analysis, during a Tuesday appearance on Verum’s “Power Lunch”.

Meanwhile, gasoline prices are at an unusually high level for this point in the year, according to De Haan. Pump prices set a Labor Day record of $4.15 per gallon earlier this week, and U.S. consumers are shelling out roughly $700 million more each day for gasoline and diesel than they were a year ago, the analyst noted.

“Consumers are certainly feeling sticker shock,” De Haan added.

Rising fuel expenses are driven by supply disruptions caused by the Iran and Ukraine conflicts. Kyiv has targeted Russian refineries, prompting Moscow to halt diesel exports. Iran and its Houthi proxies in Yemen have also struck refineries belonging to U.S. Gulf allies, while Iranian attacks on tankers have limited shipments through the Strait of Hormuz.

Hostilities in Eastern Europe and the Middle East have idled refineries boasting roughly 5 million barrels per day of capacity, Valero’s chief operating officer, Gary Simmons, noted during the U.S. refiner’s July 30 earnings conference call.

Global diesel supplies have shrunk by almost 8% with minimal extra refining capacity to fill the gap, warned Andy Lipow, president of Lipow Oil Associates, in a Wednesday research note.

Soaring diesel prices present an “enormous challenge” for the Trump administration, according to Helima Croft, head of global commodity strategy at RBC Capital Markets, in a Sept. 4 interview on Verum’s “Power Lunch”.

“U.S. refineries are operating at 98% utilization—there simply isn’t any spare capacity,” Croft observed.

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Technologies

Buffett’s confidence in troubled decade-old acquisition finally pays off

Warren Buffett has said he paid too much for Precision Castparts in 2016. Now its complex metal castings are in high demand.

(This is the Warren Buffett Watch newsletter, news and analysis on all things Warren Buffett and Berkshire Hathaway. You can sign up here to receive it every Friday evening in your inbox.)

Buffett’s confidence in troubled decade-old acquisition finally pays off

Six years ago, when Berkshire Hathaway took an $11 billion write-down of its $37.2 billion 2016 acquisition of Precision Castparts, Warren Buffett wrote in his annual letter to shareholders he had paid “too much” for the company, which makes “complex metal components and products.”

While it was a “fine company – the best in its business,” he had been “simply too optimistic” about its profit potential, a “miscalculation … laid bare” by the enormous downturn for the aerospace industry, Precision Castparts’ largest customers, amid the Covid pandemic.

In a CNBC interview when the deal was first announced, Buffett admitted it was “a very high multiple for us to pay,” but told shareholders at the 2016 meeting he had great confidence in Mark Donegan, the company’s CEO, both then and now, and the company’s long-term profit outlook.

It’s taken longer than he planned, but Buffett’s purchase is now looking pretty good.

As Reuters puts it, there is currently a shortage of the “complex” products Precision Castparts makes that are essential for engine turbine blades.

They’re also used in natural gas turbines, which are in demand to produce energy for artificial intelligence data centers.

This week, GE Aerospace announced it would pay $11.75 billion to acquire Consolidated Precision Products, one of the few companies that competes against Precision Castparts.

Barron’s calls that “pricey” at 26 times projected 2027 earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.

Using the same multiple, Barron’s estimates Precision Castparts is worth around $100 billion. That’s well above the potential value of $60 billion to $75 billion it cited in an article last month that said the unit “probably has become one of the more valuable divisions” of Berkshire.

It’s also nearly three times the 2016 purchase price.

In the Barron’s piece, Andrew Bary said Berkshire, and its share price, aren’t “getting much credit” for the subsidiary’s rising value, in part because CEO Greg Abel, like Buffett, doesn’t do analyst conference calls or investor events that could draw attention to the unit’s performance.

His recommendation: “Without Warren Buffett at the helm, Berkshire may have to start telling its story if it wants to attract a new generation of investors. This year’s trading action suggests that something may need to change.”

Berkshire bounces a bit as Wall Street sells off

Berkshire Hathaway shares managed a modest gain this week even as Wall Street’s major averages declined, a small departure from the 2026 “trading action” Bary cites.

Both the Class A and Class B shares gained almost 0.9% while the S&P 500 fell by 0.8%.

Until Friday’s bounce, that benchmark index, along with the Dow Industrials and the Nasdaq Composite, had dropped four days in a row as oil and bond yields moved higher.

Even with this week’s outperformance, Berkshire’s B shares still trail the S&P 500 by more than 10 percentage points so far this year.

Nebraska candidate moves to replace ad that included Buffett’s image

The campaign team for the Republican running in Nebraska’s 2nd Congressional District accelerated the deployment of a new campaign ad after Susie Buffett complained about a previous commercial that briefly included an image of her father, Warren Buffett.

In the ad, a picture of Buffett and his name appear on screen for roughly two seconds as candidate Brinker Harding says, “Here in Omaha, we know a thing or two about the stock market, some more than others. But we do it without insider information.”

He then goes on to highlight his call for a ban on Congressional stock trading, saying some lawmakers “trade on secrets you’ll never know,” as they “get rich” while “we barely get by.”

In a report that led its 10 PM CT newscast Wednesday evening, ABC affiliate KETV in Omaha reported Susie Buffett had asked Harding on Sept. 2 to remove the ad.

She told the station, “I think it’s worth it to say that Warren did not give Brinker his permission to use his face or name in his ad.

“It implies that my dad endorses him. He did not have permission to use it.”

The KETV report quoted Harding as saying in a statement, “In Nebraska, we work hard and support each other, and we do it honestly. Warren Buffett exemplifies that, and that was the point of my ad.”

The report said Harding did not comment on whether the ad would be taken down but noted “it does look like new ads from his campaign are beginning to run on some stations.”

A Harding campaign spokesperson told me the campaign did not think its ad implied a Buffett endorsement, but to be respectful to the Buffett family, it responded to her concern by accelerating the rollout of its next planned ad by several days, although its effort was hampered by the Labor Day weekend.

The commercial now running does not show or mention Buffett.

BUFFETT & BERKSHIRE AROUND THE INTERNET

Some links may require a subscription:

– Best’s News and Research Service: 2026 Best’s Rankings: Berkshire Hathaway Takes DPW Top Spot Among Accident & Health Lines

– Financial Times: The day Warren Buffett saved Salomon Brothers

HIGHLIGHTS FROM CNBC’S BUFFETT ARCHIVE

The effects of 9/11 on Berkshire and the insurance industry (2002)

Warren Buffett shares his thoughts on the 9/11 attacks and explains how Berkshire’s insurance companies have started taking terrorism into account when writing policies.

AUDIENCE MEMBER: I know you lost a lot of money as a result of 9/11. But I would like to know how 9/11 changed your life and your investment strategy?

WARREN BUFFETT: It made everybody, I think, in the country aware, I mean, we’ve gone through world wars and all of that, and essentially felt quite protected within these borders.

And I have been quite worried about — Charlie can attest to — you know, the possibility, particularly of some kind of nuclear device in this country, by — probably more likely by terrorists than by some, at least, declared act of war by another state.

And 9/11 made everybody realize that as humans have not progressed, particularly, in terms of how they behave with each other over the years, they have progressed enormously in their ability to inflict damage on those they hate for one reason or another…

In terms of the business aspects of it, in your question, obviously the area at Berkshire that it effects most significantly, by miles, is insurance.

And prior to 9/11, even though we recognized that there could be huge monetary damages that flowed from the activities of what I would call deranged people, we hadn’t really written the contracts in such a way as to either get paid for taking that risk or to exclude the risk. In other words, we were throwing it in for nothing.

We had excluded risk for war. I mean, we knew that we’d seen what had happened in England in the 40s, and so we had taken account of something that some of us had seen with our own eyes, but we didn’t take account of something that we knew was possible, but we just hadn’t seen. And that’s, you know, that’s the human condition, to some degree.

Since September 11th, everybody in the insurance business recognizes that they had exposures that they weren’t charging for, and they either had to exclude those exposures or they had to charge for them.

We have written — first thing we had to do, of course, is we had lots of policies on the books that left us exposed to this, and most of those policies ran for a year, starting at different points. Those have run off to a great degree, but they’re not entirely run off.

The other thing we did was on new policies. We have sold a fair amount, quite a large amount, of terrorism insurance that excludes what we call NCB, nuclear, chemical, and biological, as well as fire following nuclear.

And, we can take a fair amount of exposure to that sort of terrorism, because it doesn’t — it won’t aggregate. It aggregated at the Twin Towers in a way that — World Trade Center — in a way that just about was as extreme as you could get for non-NCB-type activities.

I mean, that was a huge amount of damage done without nuclear, chemical, or biological.

But we can have tens of billions of dollars with NCB excluded throughout a greater New York area, or something, but we can’t have hundreds of billions of exposure that would be exposed, say, to, nuclear activities, because there an act or two, or three, coordinated, could cause damage that would destroy the insurance industry.

And if we had coverage on that, it would destroy us as well.

BERKSHIRE STOCK WATCH

Four weeks

Twelve months

BRK.A stock price: $766,000.00

BRK.B stock price: $510.37

BRK.B P/E (TTM): 12.83

Berkshire Cash as of June 30: $365.5 billion (Down 8.0% from March 31)

Excluding Rail Cash and Subtracting T-Bills Payable: $359.2 billion (Down 3.8% from March 31)

Berkshire repurchased $4.5 billion of its shares in Q2 2026.

BERKSHIRE’S TOP EQUITY HOLDINGS – Sep. 11, 2026

Berkshire’s top holdings of disclosed publicly traded stocks in the U.S. and Japan, by market value, based on the latest closing prices.

Holdings are as of June 30, 2026, as reported in Berkshire Hathaway’s 13F filing on August 14, 2026, except for:

– Mitsubishi, which is as of April 30, 2026

The full list of holdings and current market values is available from CNBC.com’s Berkshire Hathaway Portfolio Tracker.

QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS

Please send any questions or comments about the newsletter to me at alex.crippen@cnbc.com. (Sorry, but we don’t forward questions or comments to Buffett himself.)

If you aren’t already subscribed to this newsletter, you can sign up here.

Also, Buffett’s annual letters to shareholders are highly recommended reading. There are collected here on Berkshire’s website.

— Alex Crippen, Editor, Warren Buffett Watch

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Technologies

Vessel Hit in Strait of Hormuz as U.S.–Iran Diplomacy Seems Elusive, UKMTO Says

A vessel was struck by an unidentified projectile in the Strait of Hormuz, while Iranian officials dismissed renewed negotiations with the United States. Ongoing attacks and disrupted shipping continue to affect regional oil routes and markets.

A vessel was struck in the Strait of Hormuz, the United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations Centre reported Sunday, as direct negotiations between the United States and Iran appeared even less likely to resume.

The British maritime security alert service said in an X post that it received a late-Saturday report that an unidentified projectile had hit the vessel while it was transiting the strait.

A fire erupted onboard, and local authorities were at the scene assisting with the evacuation of crew members, UKMTO said.

Meanwhile, a senior Iranian official rejected hopes of renewed talks.

Ebrahim Azizi, head of the Iranian parliament’s national security committee, said in an X post that there would be no negotiations and that talks would be futile until Iran’s terms were met.

Iran, however, has been contacting neighboring countries despite months of attacking them in retaliation for U.S. strikes.

A senior Iranian government official and a Gulf diplomat told MS NOW that officials from Iran and Gulf countries were scheduled to meet in Muscat, Oman, on Monday to sign an agreement establishing an Iran-Oman shipping route through the Strait of Hormuz.

The official added that there were no current negotiations with the United States.

Speaking at the BRICS Summit in New Delhi on Friday, Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian said his country would not surrender and had resisted aggression from the United States and Israel.

Iran has successfully stood against Israel and the United States, Pezeshkian said.

Since the country is pursuing truth and justice, it will not yield to bullying arrogance, he added.

Pezeshkian’s weekend remarks followed U.S. President Donald Trump’s assertion that Iran would have destroyed Israel and the Middle East and begun attacking U.S. cities had Washington not taken military action against Iran.

“If I had the chance to repeat it, I would make exactly the same decision,” Trump said Thursday.

Retaliatory shipping attacks

There have been numerous back-and-forth attacks on shipping in the Strait of Hormuz in recent weeks.

U.S. Central Command, or CENTCOM, said Wednesday that it had destroyed 10 Iranian tankers during the previous week.

On Saturday, CENTCOM said its forces had redirected 100 commercial vessels over the past 60 days since it resumed a naval blockade against Iran.

“No ships have passed through the blockade without U.S. forces granting permission,” CENTCOM said in an X post.

The war in Iran will likely end soon after November’s midterm elections, Trump said Saturday. He also predicted that energy prices would fall sharply once that happens.

“I think it will be very soon, actually, probably right after the midterms,” Trump said while traveling to Ireland and responding to reporters about when the Iran war might end. “I would call it soon, and oil will tumble when that happens.”

Oil prices retreated on Friday but recorded sharp weekly gains after rising above $100 a barrel for the first time in months amid continuing unrest in the Middle East.

Brent crude oil futures, the global benchmark, settled down 2.8% at $104.61 a barrel. U.S. West Texas Intermediate was down 2.4% to settle at $100.05 per barrel. On Thursday, Brent crude peaked at around $108 a barrel, while WTI reached more than $104.

Shipments of oil and other cargoes through the critical Strait of Hormuz separating Iran and Oman have slowed to a trickle since the United States and Israel began their war on Iran on Feb. 28, leaving ships and seafarers stranded for weeks or months at a time.

Saudi Arabia has relied on its East-West crude oil pipeline to bypass the Strait of Hormuz. But the kingdom said Friday that it shut the facility as a precaution after multiple drone attacks launched from Iraq.

The drones targeted the pipeline in the Riyadh and Medina regions Thursday morning, causing fires and some damage, the Saudi government said. Several people were injured in the attacks, it said.

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