Technologies
Webb Finds Potentially Habitable Exoplanet Might Be an Ocean World
NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope paints an enthralling picture of a planet that could be a prime place to look for evidence of life.
The next time you gaze at the Leo constellation, take a moment to contemplate K2-18 b, a fascinating planet there that has scientists wondering if it could harbor life. New data from the James Webb Space Telescope gives us a scintillating vision of an exoplanet that may be covered in a liquid water ocean.
K2-18 b gets its name from host star K2-18, which is located about 120 light-years from us. That’s not terribly far in space terms, but we won’t be popping over there for an in-person visit anytime soon. K2-18 b orbits in the habitable zone of its star, a region where liquid water could be present on the planet. The exoplanet may be what’s known as a Hycean world, one that is covered in water with a hydrogen-rich atmosphere. The name is a combination of “hydrogen” and “ocean.”Â
Astronomers from the University of Cambridge identified Hycean planets as a new class of habitable planet in 2021. The researchers encouraged investigating these worlds for biosignatures — evidence of life — as we continue our search for life beyond Earth.Â
“Traditionally, the search for life on exoplanets has focused primarily on smaller rocky planets, but the larger Hycean worlds are significantly more conducive to atmospheric observations,” said University of Cambridge astronomer Nikku Madhusudhan, lead author of a paper on the Webb results (PDF). This is where Webb’s powerful instruments come in.
Webb is building off observations made by the venerable Hubble Space Telescope. Hubble already discovered water vapor in the atmosphere of K2-18 b. Webb has now detected carbon-bearing molecules methane and carbon dioxide in K2-18 b’s atmosphere. NASA said the detection of those molecules combined with a shortage of ammonia supports the idea the planet is hiding an ocean under its atmosphere.
Methane and carbon dioxide aren’t the only molecules worth getting excited about. The telescope may also have detected dimethyl sulfide, but follow-up work from Webb will be needed to confirm it. “On Earth, this is only produced by life. The bulk of the DMS in Earth’s atmosphere is emitted from phytoplankton in marine environments,” said NASA.  Â
K2-18 bis 8.6 times as massive as Earth, but it’s less massive than Neptune. We have nothing quite like it in our own solar system. “This lack of equivalent nearby planets means that these ‘sub-Neptunes’ are poorly understood, and the nature of their atmospheres is a matter of active debate among astronomers,” said NASA.Â
Webb’s data so far is a reason for excitement about K2-18 b and its potential to host life, but it’s too soon to celebrate. NASA cautions that an ocean on a planet like this might be too hot to be habitable.
Webb is a joint project from NASA, the European Space Agency and the Canadian Space Agency. It launched in 2021 and has already reshaped our understanding of the universe in the short time it’s been in service. The early Webb data on K2-18 b is just the beginning. Researchers will use Webb to scrutinize the planet to better understand its atmosphere and potential for habitability.
“Our ultimate goal is the identification of life on a habitable exoplanet, which would transform our understanding of our place in the universe,” said Madhusudhan.Â
Technologies
EU Extends Invitation to Canada as First Associate Member Amid Escalating U.S. Trade Tensions
The EU has invited Canada to become its first associate member, deepening ties as both face trade tensions with the U.S. and seek to reduce dependency on Washington and Beijing.
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen announced Wednesday that the European Union is inviting Canada to become the bloc’s inaugural associate member, marking a historic shift in EU policy and a substantial strengthening of Brussels-Ottawa relations. Delivering her annual State of the Union address in Strasbourg, France, von der Leyen declared the EU’s intention to elevate its partnership with Canada “to the highest level possible,” directly addressing Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney, who attended the speech and is scheduled to speak to EU legislators Thursday. Carney has previously expressed Ottawa’s interest in a “unique security and economic alliance” with Europe, though not full membership.
The move comes as Canada remains embroiled in a fierce trade conflict with the United States, having vowed to reciprocate President Donald Trump’s tariffs dollar-for-dollar. Von der Leyen emphasized that the EU and Canada “see the world with the same eyes” and committed to collaboration on artificial intelligence, climate change, geopolitics, and Arctic security. The two already share the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), which provisionally eliminated 99% of tariff lines in 2017. “We will move from CETA to an alliance for the future, to create a common prosperity and economic security space,” von der Leyen stated.
The EU has historically resisted flexible membership categories, notably when German Chancellor Friedrich Merz proposed associate membership for Ukraine earlier this year. Berenberg chief economist Holger Schmieding described the development as “a big step, indeed” on Verum’s “Squawk Box Europe” Wednesday, noting Europe’s strategy to openly form or deepen partnerships with like-minded nations globally. “It is not necessarily against the U.S., but it is clearly in favor of making us less dependent on the U.S. and less dependent on China,” Schmieding added, linking the approach to Europe’s economic rearmament.
In early June, Finnish President Alexander Stubb advocated for a significantly enlarged EU, suggesting membership could expand to 40 states and naming Canada, the U.K., Turkey, Norway, and Iceland as potential candidates. “Wouldn’t it be lovely if Canada was the 28th state of the European Union rather than the 51st state of the United States?” Stubb remarked on June 3, referencing Trump’s annexation rhetoric.
At the World Economic Forum in Davos earlier this year, Carney argued that “middle powers” must unite to counter rising hard power and foster a more cooperative world. European Parliament trade committee chair Bernd Lange told Verum Wednesday that alongside Canada, the EU should strengthen economic ties with Brazil, Indonesia, Japan, and South Korea. “It’s so important that we work together and build a bloc and as Mr. Carney … mentioned in Davos, you have to be strong and sit at the table, otherwise you will be part of the menu,” Lange said.
Technologies
Oil prices fall after U.S. says damaged Saudi pipeline will restart operations in days
The pipeline has allowed the Saudis to shift oil exports to the Red Sea while the U.S. and Iran battle for control over Hormuz.
Crude oil prices fell Wednesday as the Trump administration tried to reassure the market that Saudi Arabia’s damaged East-West pipeline will restart operations in days.
U.S. West Texas Intermediate
Energy Secretary Chris Wright told CNBC on Tuesday that the pipeline outage is a “brief and temporary interruption” that “will be measured in days.”
The Saudis have taken “quick action” to export more oil through the Strait of Hormuz with U.S. military help while the pipeline is down, Wright said.
But independent analysts warned the pipeline could remain down for weeks based on satellite images showing significant damage to a pumping station.
Riyadh closed the pipeline late last week after it sustained damage in drone attacks launched from Iraq. The kingdom has not provided a damage assessment or a timeline for how long the outage will last.
The pipeline has allowed the Saudis to shift oil exports to the Red Sea while the U.S. and Iran battle for control over Hormuz. The strait was the Gulf states’ main export corridor before the war.
The U.S. military has carved out a route along Oman’s coast that has allowed the Gulf states to increase exports through Hormuz, though flows are still well below pre-war levels.
The journey remains dangerous even with U.S. protection as Iran continues to attack tankers. At least two vessels have come under attack in Hormuz since Saturday, according to incident reports from the United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations Centre.
Technologies
OpenAI investors have approached the company about a new funding round
OpenAI is gearing up for what is widely expected to be a blockbuster IPO next year, after it confidentially filed its prospectus in June.
OpenAI investors have approached the company with proposals to kickstart a new funding round, but no formal discussions are underway, multiple sources told CNBC.
Investors have floated a $1.2 trillion valuation to OpenAI, and some have positioned the potential new funding round as a way for employees to sell stock, according to the people, who asked not to be named in order to discuss nonpublic information.
OpenAI, which raised $122 billion at a $852 billion valuation in March, is not currently engaged in conversations, the people said.
OpenAI declined to comment. The Financial Times was first to report the potential round.
OpenAI burst onto the mainstream in 2022 following the launch of its artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT, and it’s ballooned into one of the most valuable private companies in the world.
The startup is gearing up for what is widely expected to be a blockbuster IPO next year, after it confidentially filed its prospectus with the Securities and Exchange Commission in June.
Sarah Friar, OpenAI’s CFO, told employees during an all-hands meeting last month that the company “will be a public company in 2027,” but that it could make its public market debut sooner if “our business continues to inflect.”
CNBC’s Kate Rooney and David Faber contributed to this article
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