Technologies

Regen-COV might work before COVID exposure, trial shows: What to know about monoclonal antibodies

Monoclonal antibodies can greatly reduce hospitalization rates in people most at risk of severe COVID-19.

For the most up-to-date news and information about the coronavirus pandemic, visit the WHO and CDC websites.

Monoclonal antibody therapy for COVID-19 is available to people in the US for free who are at higher risk of severe disease in the first few days of their illness, or after they’ve been exposed to the coronavirus. The treatment — lab-made antibodies given to a person that help their immune system stop the infection from spreading — has proven to be a key tool for preventing the coronavirus from turning into severe illness. Preliminary research shows the treatment reduces risk for hospitalization or death by about 70%.

Now, early research is showing the treatment may benefit people much earlier on, before they’ve even been exposed to the coronavirus. Regeneron, one of the drug-makers of the antibody treatments, announced Monday that its drug was 81.6% effective in preventing COVID-19 in a trial period of two to eight months post-treatment. The drug in the study, which is called Regen-COV and was given to participants in a series of four injections, is the same drug as the one currently authorized for use on at-risk people who are in the early stages of COVID-19, and on some people who’ve been exposed to it.

Dr. Myron Cohen, who leads the monoclonal antibody efforts for the National Institutes of Health’s COVID Prevention Network, said in a news release Monday that the results from the drug-maker are “particularly important to those who do not respond to COVID-19 vaccines, including people who are immunocompromised.”

Regen-COV isn’t authorized yet for use in anyone who hasn’t been exposed to or is sick with COVID-19. A few monoclonal antibody therapies, including the one made by Regeneron, have emergency use authorization by the US Food and Drug Administration and should be accessible in doctors’ offices or even some state-run clinics, as seen in states such as Florida and Texas.

Importantly, monoclonal antibodies don’t replace the role of the COVID-19 vaccines in preventing hospitalization and death. According to data from August by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, unvaccinated people were more than 11 times more likely to die from COVID-19 and about 6 times more likely to contract COVID-19 than fully vaccinated people.

A large number of Americans could be eligible for monoclonal antibody treatment if they test positive for COVID-19 (a smaller number would be eligible for the treatment without a positive test, and only a confirmed exposure). For example, everyone age 65 or older, people who are overweight, people with heart, liver, or kidney disease and many more would be eligible for the treatment in the early days of their symptoms.

Here’s what we know now about COVID-19 monoclonal antibodies.

What are monoclonal antibodies, and how do they work?

Monoclonal antibodies are lab-made antibodies that work by binding to bacteria, cancer cells or viruses the way natural antibodies do, stopping them from infecting more cells. The first monoclonal antibody therapy was approved more than 30 years ago and has been used for other illnesses, including the Ebola virus.

Monoclonal antibody treatments for COVID-19 are used before a person gets really sick, usually within 10 days of their first symptom, to prevent hospitalization. The treatment is only approved for people who are at risk of getting extremely sick — those who are age 65 or older and those who have “certain medical conditions,” per the FDA. The same treatment isn’t recommended for people who are already hospitalized with COVID-19.

Monoclonal antibody therapy is also authorized if an at-risk person is exposed to COVID-19, but the definition of “at-risk” in this instance, per the FDA, is a little narrower and reserved for people who are at risk because of a medical condition and unvaccinated or not fully protected by the COVID-19 vaccines because of an immunocompromising condition.

I tested positive. How do I know if I’m eligible?

If you come down with the coronavirus and are concerned about how the disease will affect you, contacting your doctor to learn your options and the best line of treatment for you is a good idea. But, in general, this specific treatment is reserved for people who are at risk for severe disease. Most people who are infected with COVID-19 will recover at home without medical help.

The people who test positive for COVID-19 and would be eligible or benefit from monoclonal antibody therapy may also be the same people who are eligible for COVID-19 vaccine boosters because of a medical condition. For those who are at risk of severe COVID-19 and would be eligible for monoclonal antibodies if they test positive (if they’re at least 12 years old and weigh at least 88 pounds) the FDA defines “at risk” under the EUA as:

All people age 65 and older.
People with obesity or those who are overweight (adults with a BMI of more than 25, and children age 12-17 who have a BMI at the 85th percentile or greater).
Pregnant people.
People with cancer.
People with chronic kidney or lung disease.
Individuals with cardiovascular disease or hypertension.
People with diabetes.
People with sickle cell disease.
Those living with neurodevelopmental disorders.
People who are immunocompromised or taking immunocompromising medication.
Those who have a “medical-related technological dependence” (such as a tracheostomy or gastrostomy).

However, the FDA stressed in a fact sheet for Eli Lilly’s treatment (another brand of monoclonal antibodies) that this isn’t a complete list, and other medical conditions or factors including race or ethnicity may also place individuals at higher risk for severe COVID-19. It also pointed to the CDC’s list of “people with certain medical conditions” for other health conditions, which includes things such as depression and Down syndrome as being high-risk conditions.

In sum: If you test positive and feel you are at risk for severe COVID-19 and might qualify for monoclonal antibodies, you should probably speak to a health care professional about them.

Does vaccine status matter?

No, people who test positive for COVID-19 and are eligible for monoclonal antibody therapy because of their age or health condition can be treated regardless of their vaccination status. That is because, while still protective, the vaccines may be less effective at preventing severe disease in some people than others.

However, being unvaccinated might make you eligible for monoclonal antibodies after an exposure to someone with COVID-19. According to the FDA’s authorization of Regen-COV for post-exposure, people eligible for post-exposure treatment must be at risk of severe COVID-19 disease, and either unvaccinated or vaccinated but immunocompromised or taking immunocompromising medications.

I qualify. How do I access the treatment?

Monoclonal antibodies are administered by IV (most commonly) or by injection, so they’re not a prescription you can easily pick up at the pharmacy. According to CNN, the infusion process takes about an hour and patients need to wait a while to be observed for side effects. If you’re at risk for severe COVID-19 and you’ve tested positive or think you have it, ask your doctor where the treatment is available.

If you live in Texas or Florida where there are state-run monoclonal antibody treatment centers, the same eligibility requirements for patients apply. In Florida, this means everyone age 12 and older who is at “high risk for severe illness” can make an appointment and find a monoclonal treatment center at one of the state’s eight locations. In Texas, there are nine antibody infusion centers across the state, but at-risk people need a referral from their doctor.

If you think you qualify for monoclonal antibody treatment but don’t have a health care provider, you can call the Combat COVID Monoclonal Antibodies Call Center at 1-877-332-6585. You can also use this link from the US Department of Health and Human Services antibody therapy finder.

Do monoclonal antibodies interfere with the coronavirus vaccines?

If you were treated with monoclonal antibodies and you haven’t been vaccinated yet, you should wait 90 days after your treatment to make an appointment, according to the CDC. This recommendation is until more is known about how the antibody response from the treatment affects the immune response from getting vaccinated.

The information contained in this article is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as health or medical advice. Always consult a physician or other qualified health provider regarding any questions you may have about a medical condition or health objectives.

Technologies

Global bond sell-off likely not over yet, Mohamed El-Erian tells CNBC

In a wide-ranging interview, the renowned economist also said the U.S. Treasury had taken “a step too far” with its market intervention.

Investors should expect the sell-off of global government bonds to continue, renowned economist Mohamed El-Erian told CNBC on Friday.

“I don’t see any appetite in the U.S. for immediate fiscal consolidation. So I suspect we will continue to see upward pressures on yields,” he told CNBC’s Carolin Roth at the Ambrosetti Forum in Cernobbio, Italy.

Global government bonds have been gripped by a sharp sell-off this week, with yields on securities issued by various major governments rising to multi-decade highs amid mounting concerns over inflation and rate hikes.

Bond yields and prices move inversely to one another.

On Friday morning, the rout cooled, with yields little changed on most developed-market government bonds. U.S. Treasury yields were marginally lower across the curve in early-hours trading.

El-Erian, the Rene M. Kern Practice Professor at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School and chief economic adviser at Allianz, told CNBC he did not see anything wrong with how the markets were functioning – but added that “reliable buyers and holders” of U.S. Treasurys were coming under pressure.

“China, for geopolitical purposes, is no longer as willing,” he said. “Japan and the Gulf countries have domestic issues.”

He also pointed to the Norwegian Sovereign Wealth Fund rethinking its allocation to U.S. government bonds.

“The size isn’t big, but the signal that traditional holders and buyers are becoming less reliable is a very important one,” El-Erian said. “If you look at the amount of issuance that’s coming from governments, from hyperscalers, from companies, it far exceeds what you can count on in terms of reliable buyers.

“And that’s why there’s been pressure on interest rates. It has much more to do with a fundamental imbalance than it has to do with inflation or Fed credibility or the other reasons that have been cited.”

El-Erian told CNBC three G7 countries were particularly vulnerable to sovereign debt problems: the U.K., Japan and France.

“Those by numbers, by everything else, and the U.K. in particular is what I call a high-beta country,” he said. “That every time rates move by a bit in the U.S., they move by a lot more in the U.K.”

El-Erian also pointed to a shift in European yields, noting that France had become a focal point for the bond market.

“In the old days you would worry about Italy. Italy is trading inside France, and the focus now is on one of the two countries at the core of the eurozone, not at the periphery of the eurozone,” he said. “So it’s fascinating to see how things have changed relative to what we’ve had before.”

U.S. Treasury department’s ‘step too far’

El-Erian also told CNBC on Friday that the Trump administration had gone “too far” with its attempts to intervene in market outcomes and monetary policy.

Last month, the U.S. Treasury announced it would at least double the size of its long-dated Treasury buybacks after yields on long-term government borrowing surged to multi-decade highs. On Thursday, U.S. Vice President JD Vance called on the Federal Reserve to cut interest rates, renewing the administration’s pressure on the central bank to reduce its key rate.

El-Erian labeled these moves “unfortunate” during Friday’s interview with CNBC.

“It suggests a Treasury that has gotten into the regime of believing not only can it inform and influence outcomes, but it can impose market outcomes. I think that’s a step too far,” he said. “And the question now is, how do you step back from this? I think the results are clear. It’s a massive market. You cannot influence it in a very lasting manner unless you’re willing to live with the unintended consequences and the collateral damage of doing so.”

CNBC reached out to the U.S. Treasury Department for comment.

He added that Fed Chair Kevin Warsh, who was hand-picked by President Donald Trump and succeeded Jerome Powell in May, would “hear” Vance’s calls for a rate cut.

“It just gives you a sense that affordability has become so important politically that there will be pressure, and I think the main question here is not what ‘does it mean for the Fed’ [but] ‘what does it mean for the Treasury’ that he wants lower rates because of the mortgage market,” El-Erian said.

Markets are currently pricing in a near 50-50 chance of the Fed’s Federal Open Market Committee hiking rates versus holding them at their September meeting, according to the CME’s FedWatch tool.

Warsh gets ‘three things right’ at Jackson Hole

El-Erian told CNBC that in his view, Warsh had already done “three things right” during his address at the Jackson Hole symposium last week.

“First, he addressed the concerns about his reaction function,” he said. “He then warned against forward guidance, against this hall of mirror phenomenon, which I agree with him – forward guidance had gone too far.”

“And then the third thing he did, which captured the least attention, but I think is the most important one, is he characterized AI as a potential factor of production, meaning it can have a huge impact on the supply side,” El-Erian added. “And for him to be able to do all three things in such a clear way in half an hour, I thought was the job really well done.”

Technologies

EU Joins U.S. ‘Economic Outcast’ Campaign Against Iran as South Korea Considers Military Support

The EU has joined the U.S.-led ‘Operation Economic Outcast’ sanctions campaign against Iran, while South Korea considers military support to reopen the Strait of Hormuz as regional tensions escalate.

The European Union has officially signed onto the U.S.-led sanctions drive targeting Iran, even as South Korea indicated it is evaluating a potential military contribution to help reopen the Strait of Hormuz, with Washington urging allies to support its conflict with Tehran across both economic and military dimensions.

U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent commended the EU for joining ‘Operation Economic Outcast,’ the initiative designed to cut Tehran off from the international financial network.

“We value their firm and prompt position,” Bessent wrote in a Thursday evening social media post. “The international community is delivering an unambiguous signal to the Iranian government: We will not relent until every last financial lifeline has been cut,” he continued.

The remarks followed an Aug. 31 statement from Brussels expressing backing for efforts to halt Tehran’s ‘destabilizing activities’ and restart peace negotiations, including via Operation Economic Outcast, to impose further economic strain on the Islamic government.

The bloc’s approval coincided with this week’s gathering of Group of 20 finance ministers and central bank governors in Asheville, North Carolina.

“The United States remains steadfast alongside our allies in preventing the lethal Iranian regime from leveraging the global financial system to finance its nuclear aspirations, weapons development, and proxy terror networks,” Bessent stated in the Thursday post.

The Trump administration initiated the Operation Economic Outcast campaign in late August, taking aim at Iran’s access to digital assets, advanced technology acquisition, gold holdings, commercial aviation, and maritime shipping.

Iran’s Foreign Ministry spokesperson, Esmail Baghaei, countered the EU’s decision to endorse what he labeled Washington’s ‘economic terrorism.’ In a Sept. 1 post, Baghaei accused the bloc of having ‘surrendered its sovereignty, its laws and regulations, values and ethics to U.S. coercion.’

Bessent characterized the campaign as an ‘economic onslaught’ on Iran’s worldwide financial ties, cautioning that nations assisting Tehran should ‘anticipate sharing in the isolation of a decaying regime.’ China stood as Iran’s top trading partner, purchasing approximately 90% of Iran’s sanctioned crude oil exports prior to the conflict.

The EU separately upholds its own sanctions framework aimed at Iran’s nuclear and ballistic missile programs as well as its military assistance to Russia.

Ahead of the summit, Bessent had indicated he would urge G20 counterparts to sever financial links with Tehran or confront secondary sanctions. He also signaled weekly new secondary sanctions, initially targeting banks, with a warning to completely disconnect institutions facilitating Iran-linked transactions from the dollar-based financial system.

Seoul Considers Role in Hormuz

Separately, South Korea is evaluating options that include military aid to back the U.S. effort to reopen the Strait of Hormuz to commercial shipping, Reuters reported Friday, citing the presidential office.

The government, however, refuted local media reports that a decision had already been reached, stating ‘details related to the issue have yet to be decided,’ in a statement to reporters, per Yonhap News.

Multiple South Korean media outlets reported Thursday that Seoul was readying to deploy troops to the Gulf region before year-end, and might request parliamentary approval as early as this month.

The deliberation comes as Washington has voiced frustration with Seoul’s hesitance to provide military support in its war against Iran, including by reducing an annual joint military exercise last month and canceling a landing drill planned for September.

Impasse

Military clashes in the region escalated in recent days, rekindling concerns of a wider conflict.

The U.S. military executed a fresh round of strikes earlier this week, targeting military sites in Iran in response to attacks on vessels and American forces in the area. Iran has answered back, firing missiles at U.S. military installations throughout the Middle East.

Shipping through the Strait of Hormuz — a chokepoint for about one-fifth of global oil flows prior to the war — stayed muted, with Iran conducting intermittent strikes on ships using the southern shipping lane off the Omani coast.

The U.S. has kept a naval blockade in the strait, preventing vessels from entering or departing Iranian ports to hinder the country’s crude oil exports. U.S. Central Command stated Friday that it has diverted 87 commercial vessels, disabled three, and boarded two to guarantee full compliance.

Technologies

Buy these cheap dividend-paying energy stocks, Goldman Sachs says

The firm still sees an opportunity to grab attractive dividend-paying energy names, despite the sector’s run higher this year.

There is still an opportunity to grab attractive dividend-paying energy names, despite the sector’s run higher this year, according to Goldman Sachs. While the firm continues to see long-term value in the oil and gas sector, it recognizes the area is outperforming the broader market right now. The State Street Energy Select Sector SPDR ETF (XLE) has gained 45% so far this year and hit a 52-week high on Thursday. In comparison, the S & P 500 is up 13% year to date. XLE YTD mountain State Street Energy Select Sector SPDR ETF year to date Energy companies have benefited from the jump in oil prices due to the conflict in the Middle East. Brent crude futures closed above $95 per barrel . “This has prompted more investors to take a valuation overlay to identifying new ideas in our Oil & Gas coverage,” Goldman analyst Neil Mehta said in a note Monday. “For those screening for value, we screen our comparison sheets and identify Buy-rated stocks that currently offer above-average total return while trading at below-average 2028 multiples as investors position into year-end.” Here are some of the names that made the cut: Devon Energy has gained roughly 33% so far this year, versus a 40% advance for its large-cap oil exploration and production peers, said Mehta, calling the name “a compelling valuation opportunity.” “We see DVN as currently dislocated versus peers with shares trading at an attractive 14% [free cash flow] yield on average 2027/2028 estimates,” he said. He also has a constructive view on Devon Energy’s development and focus on the Delaware Basin asset as the core of its long-term portfolio. Plus, the company seeks to return up to 70% of its free cash flow to shareholders, he added. Last month, Devon Energy handily beat earnings and revenue expectations for its second quarter. It announced a dividend hike in May. Mehta’s $55 price target implies 12% upside from Wednesday’s close. The stock pays a 2.3% dividend yield. Gas exploration and production name, Expand Energy , also has a compelling valuation relative to its Appalachian peers, according to Mehta. He sees it currently trading at a 10% free-cash-flow yield on his average 2027/2028 estimates relative to its peer average of 8%. Expand Energy, which yields 2.3%, has reliable free cash flow and a steady capital return program, Mehta said. In addition, he believes in its ability to “generate sustainable cash flow improvement through incremental marketing and commercial initiative.” The company posted mixed second-quarter results in July, with its adjusted earnings per share topping expectations and its revenue falling short. Shares are down roughly 10% so far in 2026. U.S. refiner HF Sinclair , on the other hand, has rallied 131% year to date — and also hit a 52-week high on Thursday. Despite that, Mehta believes the stock trades at a discount to its refiner peers due to uncertainty around the CEO and chief financial officer transitions. Both are currently interim roles. ”[W]e continue to see value in the company’s non-refining earnings contributions (Lubricants, Renewable Diesel, and Midstream) in addition to the company’s leverage to niche refining markets (West Coast/Rockies and Mid-Continent),” Mehta wrote. HF Sinclair posted a beat on both its top and bottom lines for the second quarter and raised its quarterly dividend. The stock currently yields about 2%. Mehta’s $114 price target suggests 7.5% upside from Wednesday’s close. Lastly, oil major ConocoPhillips has a $146 price target, which implies more than 6% upside ahead. Goldman’s buy rating is based on a $7 billion free-cash-flow inflection by 2029 as four major growth projects come online and the company cuts $1 billion in costs. The stock is trading at a discounted multiple, which reflects “a heavy phase of the capital cycle, with the market hesitant to pay for a back-half-weighted free cash flow inflection, where the bulk of the uplift lands in 2029,” Mehta wrote. ConocoPhillips has gained 45% year to date, hitting a 52-week high on Thursday. It currently yields 2.5%.

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