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We Tested the DreamCloud Mattress: Could It Be the Best Budget Luxury Bed in 2025?

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Written by  JD Christison
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Headshot of JD Christison
JD Christison
A certified sleep science coach and mattress expert, JD has been reviewing online mattresses professionally for the past five years. During that time, he’s tested well over 150 beds and dedicated countless hours to sleep research. While many consider him to be sleeping on the job, JD spends most of his time reviewing bedding products on The Slumber Yard, a popular YouTube channel specializing in online mattress expertise. If it’s a bed you’ve heard of, he’s tried it first hand.
Expertise Online Mattresses Credentials

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Mattress Tests

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Testers

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Hours Tested

How we test

With 5+ years of mattress testing experience, we use our different sleeping position and body type perspectives to offer well-rounded, honest reviews.

8.0 /10
CNET Score
With five-plus years of mattress testing experience, we use our different sleeping position and body type perspectives to offer well-rounded, honest reviews.
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Our Verdict
Our Verdict
Best for: Back sleeper Stomach sleeper

Score Breakdown

Performance
8/10
Policies
8.5/10
Durability
8.5/10
Features
7/10

Pros and Cons

Pros
Thick, 12-inch construction makes for a supportive bed
Firm feel keeps you from feeling «stuck»
Suitable for stomach and back sleepers
Cons
Too firm for strict side sleepers
Lighter individuals may find it too firm
A little expensive for those on a tight budget

If you sleep on your back or stomach, plush mattresses aren’t going to work for you. You need something supportive that delivers the right balance of comfort, durability and value. That’s where DreamCloud comes in. We’ve been tracking this brand for nearly a decade, and let’s just say there’s been some serious evolution.

What started as a single, tan mattress option has grown into a full lineup of six models, each designed with different sleepers in mind. The DreamCloud mattress remains the most budget-friendly choice in the mix, but that doesn’t mean it’s a one-size-fits-all solution. In this review, we’re diving into what makes the DreamCloud stand out, who’ll benefit most from it, and whether it’s still a top contender.

Editor’s note: The Federal Trade Commission recently sued DreamCloud’s parent company, saying it falsely advertised that its mattresses are made in the US. 

Video: DreamCloud mattress review

Watch me review the DreamCloud mattress. 

First impressions of the DreamCloud

This bed arrived at our office with completely free shipping, packed inside of a large box. The unboxing process was straightforward: We took it out of the box, removed the packaging and watched the mattress quickly inflate. Initially, we noticed the bed was slightly misshapen, but after a night on our foundation, it fully expanded and took its proper shape.

When we came back in the morning, the bed was ready to be tested. Compared to older DreamCloud models, this one has much less of a memory foam feel. The neutral foams in the quilted cover and the support coils provide a quicker response time. It also felt noticeably firmer than other DreamCloud beds we’ve tested in the past.

The DreamCloud mattress firmness and feel

What does the DreamCloud mattress feel like?

This bed has less of a memory foam feel than previous versions, but we’d still describe it as having a responsive memory foam touch. The support coils and neutral comfort foams help balance out the memory foam sensation. There’s a slight sink-in effect, but overall, the DreamCloud Hybrid feels more like a neutral hybrid mattress than a traditional memory foam bed.

Other DreamCloud beds have more of a predominant memory foam quality. Since the DreamCloud Memory Foam uses support foam instead of coils, it has more of a memory foam feel comparatively. The DreamCloud Premier and Premier Rest beds also have thicker layers of memory foam for comfort, which gives them a softer, body-conforming quality.

How firm is the DreamCloud mattress?

This is probably one of the firmest DreamCloud mattresses I’ve ever laid on. On our scale, it sits between a medium-firm and a proper firm. This makes it best for strict back or stomach sleepers looking for support over pressure relief, or for those who just want a firmer bed.

While firmness is subjective from person to person, we have a machine at CNET that can pinpoint the objective firmness of a bed. The Mattress Smasher 9000 gave this mattress a firmness rating of 7.1 out of 10. That’s a bit softer than we felt the bed to be, but not by much — what does a robot know, anyway? We’re the ones who actually have to sleep on it.

DreamCloud mattress construction

This is a premium memory foam hybrid bed with a relatively simple construction. It’s 12 inches thick and comprised of the following layers:

1. On the bottom, you’ve got a thin layer of support foam that acts as a base for the bed’s main support system of pocketed coils. Those coils are extra-reinforced along the edges to provide a sturdy perimeter.

2. Next, there’s a Dynamic Transition layer that acts as a buffer between the support and comfort layers of the bed. It also has Zoned Support to help keep your back aligned while you sleep.

3. Above that, you’ve got the bed’s main comfort layer. In this case, it’s around 2 inches of dense, viscous memory foam.

4. Rounding everything out is a breathable, cashmere blend quilted cover. It feels nice and luxurious, with tufted mounds to go along with the notion of the bed’s «cloud-like» comfort.

The DreamCloud mattress performance

Motion isolation

Memory foam beds usually perform the best in this department, and we’d say the DreamCloud mattress does a fine job at isolating motion. If you or your partner is a light sleeper, you’ll want a bed that doesn’t reverberate a ton of motion. Luckily, this bed absorbs a good amount of cross-mattress movement on both sides. It might not deaden as much motion as a dense memory foam mattress like a Tempur-Pedic, but it will likely work fine for couples with light sleepers.

Edge-to-edge support

The DreamCloud mattress has great edge support. This is mostly due to the reinforced coils that run along the edges of the mattress. They definitely help to prop you up more when you’re on the bed’s perimeter. We often observe firmer beds to have stronger edges than softer ones, since they have more rigidity and provide more support than pressure relief. And sometimes, softer beds bow on the sides more than you’d like — that puts us on edge.

Temperature

The cashmere blend quilted cover on the DreamCloud is designed to be breathable and soft to the touch. However, compared to beds that are designed to sleep actively cool, we’d classify it as a temperature-neutral sleeping option. Though DreamCloud, along with many other brands, claims its beds sleep cool, a lot of that is just marketing noise. None of the DreamCloud beds offer active cooling, but they also shouldn’t sleep too hot.

Durability

Since this is a premium hybrid bed with reinforced edges, I’d say it’s plenty durable to last most couples for several years. In the long run, hybrid mattresses typically last longer than all-foam beds because support foams can degrade faster than coils, especially underneath heavier people. The DreamCloud’s hybrid design should be durable enough to last all body types for seven to 10 years — and that’s at the bare minimum.

Who is the DreamCloud mattress best for?

Though the bed’s design is durable enough to handle all body types, its firmness and feel might not be right for everyone. Here’s who we think this bed is best for.

Sleeping position

Keep in mind, this is a firmer style of hybrid mattress. Since it’s so firm, it’s best for strict back and stomach sleepers or those who prefer a very firm sleeping surface. (The same goes for the memory foam version of the bed.) If you’re a combination sleeper looking for a bed that’s around a medium firmness, I’d steer you towards the DreamCloud Premier beds. If you’re a strict side sleeper who wants a lot of pressure relief, I’d consider the DreamCloud Premier Rest instead of the flagship DreamCloud — trust me, you’ll thank me in the long run.

Body type

As mentioned, the construction of this bed makes it supportive enough to handle all body types, including heavier people. If you’re more petite or average-sized, the DreamCloud mattress’s support could be overkill for you. In that case, you could save money by going with its memory foam version.

DreamCloud Hybrid mattress pricing

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Size Measurements Price
Twin 38×75 inches $1,148
Twin XL 38×80 inches $1,131
Full 54×74 inches $1,431
Queen 60×80 inches $1,664
King 76×80 inches $2,064
Cal king 72×84 inches $2.064
Split king 78×80 inches $2,295

This is currently the most affordable mattress offering from the brand. For a more luxurious hybrid bed, it’s very reasonably priced. Plus, apply a discount to the queen-size version and you can expect to pay right around the $665 mark. Any queen-size hybrid bed that’s available for under $1,000 is a great value in our book. 

Trial, shipping and warranty

DreamCloud backs this bed with some of the most generous policies found within the online mattress space. Its beds ship to you in a box for free, and once it arrives, you get a 365-night trial period to try it risk-free. If you don’t like it within that timeframe, you can return it for free. If you decide to keep it, you’re backed by a forever warranty. Just be sure to use the right foundation for the bed. Otherwise, you could void its warranty.

How does the DreamCloud compare to other mattresses? 

The DreamCloud vs. Saatva Classic

If you’re looking for a more luxurious online bed, these are two top choices to consider. The DreamCloud is the much more affordable option between the two, but with the Saatva Classic, you’re spending up for a more tangible sense of luxury. With its dual-coil construction, organic cotton cover with golden embroidery and the appearance of a luxurious five-star hotel bed, it exudes elegance. Plus, it’s available in three firmness options whereas the DreamCloud only comes in one profile. The Saatva Classic also has a more traditional feel. But if you’re looking for a bed with more of a memory foam feel, it could be worth checking out DreamCloud over the Saatva Classic.

The DreamCloud vs. Nectar Classic Hybrid

Now, let’s compare two of the most affordable memory foam beds available online. Both have coils for support, are on the firm side and are similarly priced for a queen size. That said, there are still some major differences between the two. The DreamCloud has less of a pronounced memory foam feel than the Nectar Classic Hybrid, which has a responsive memory foam quality. The Nectar bed also has a flatter sleeping surface, while the DreamCloud has a tufted, quilted cover. Long story short, if you want more memory foam, go with Nectar, and if you’re looking for luxury, go with DreamCloud. 

The final verdict

There’s no denying that the DreamCloud mattress is a quality bed for its price. I’d look into it if you want a premium hybrid bed with a slight sink-in quality that’s on the much firmer side. If you don’t end up liking it, you can always fall back on the great return policy it comes with.

You might like this mattress if:

  • You want a supportive hybrid mattress
  • You want a responsive memory foam mattress
  • You like a much firmer mattress style
  • You want a bed backed by great policies

You might not like this mattress if:

  • You’re looking for an all-foam mattress
  • You prefer the feel of a neutral or latex foam mattress
  • You want more of a pressure-relieving mattress

DreamCloud Hybrid mattress FAQs

Is the DreamCloud mattress soft or firm?

This is a pretty firm bed. It’s a tinge softer than a proper firm on our scale, making it most suitable for strict back or stomach sleepers. If you’re a combination sleeper who prefers a much firmer style of bed, you may also enjoy it. However, if you’re a side sleeper, I highly recommend checking out the DreamCloud Premier Rest. It costs more, but it might be worth it for most side sleepers seeking pressure relief in their next bed.

Is DreamCloud owned by Nectar?

DreamCloud and Nectar are owned by the same parent company, Resident Home. Some other brands that fall under the Resident Home umbrella include Awara and Cloverlane.

How long do DreamCloud mattresses last?

Being a premium hybrid bed, the DreamCloud should last you for at least the next seven to 10 years, if not much longer. Hybrid beds are often thought to last longer than all-foam beds since steel coils last longer support-wise. For that reason alone, this bed should last you for many years to come, regardless of your body type.

Should I put a topper on a hybrid mattress?

Adding a good mattress topper can be a great choice, since it can improve the overall comfort of the mattress and also offer temperature regulation. Plus, it acts as a protective layer for the mattress.

Technologies

How to Relive Your Nintendo Gaming History Across Consoles and Decades

The new Nintendo Store app includes a list of the games you’ve played and how long you played them.

Nintendo’s new mobile app for its storefront for iOS and Android does a good job of making it easier to browse and purchase games for the Nintendo Switch and Switch 2, but its most compelling feature may be one that lays out your Nintendo gaming history by year.

Buried at the very bottom of your Profile page on the Nintendo Store app (you can get to it by tapping the icon with your Mii at the bottom right) is an option called Play Activity. At the top, your Recent Activity will display games you played recently and for how long. But scroll down through All Activity and you’ll find games and console apps stretching back years and years.


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For me, it was a shock to see Wii U and Nintendo 3DS titles I’d forgotten all about, such as a game my daughters enjoyed — Art Academy: Home Studio — and Chibi-Robo! Zip Lash, which I played in 2015 for 10 days. I have no recollection of playing Steel Diver for Nintendo 3DS, but there’s evidence to prove that happened on March 28, 2011.

Why Play Activity matters

If the feature were just nostalgia for nostalgia’s sake, that would be one thing, but for anyone who has a long history across multiple Nintendo console generations, this is good information to have. In an era of remakes and re-releases, it’s helpful to know what games you actually have played before, what console you played them on and whether you spent much time on them. My Play Activity history is littered with games I only played for less than an hour, such as Ridge Racer 3D, and abandoned for others.

It reminds me that I played Nintendogs, the cute dog simulator, for a full four years, from 2011 to 2015. Why hasn’t Nintendo rebooted that franchise? 

It’s useful that you can sort the play history by most recently played, date first played, total time played and by game system. I was surprised by how many titles I played on the Wii U, but it probably paled in comparison to the number of games I played on the GameCube or the original Wii. The Play Activity doesn’t appear to go back that far; for me, it stops at 2011 with the Wii U and 3DS. Games on the Switch appear to show more detail, showing you how much you played for each gaming session.

But most of all, it’s nice to have a document that charts your relationship with Nintendo’s systems and software, whether it’s to see how much time you spent watching Netflix on your Switch or to see how many hours you’ve logged in Super Smash Bros. Ultimate.

What else is in the Nintendo Store app?

If Play Activity were the only feature in the Nintendo Store app, it would still be worth a download for longtime gamers. However, that’s just a nice-to-have feature, not the main attraction.

The best reason to download the Nintendo Store app is the store itself, which becomes much easier to navigate and search through than the version on the Switch, which can be slow and cumbersome. You can make purchases for your Switch or Switch 2 directly in the app, use Nintendo Points, do GPS check-ins and view events, promotions and game news from the company. 

There’s also merchandise available, including game soundtracks, clothing and toys. Being able to quickly navigate which games have demo versions and being able to send a digital download to your Switch from your phone is handy.

An Ask the Developer tab is a nice area to browse in the News section of the app; recent stories discuss the making of Mario Kart World and Donkey Kong Bananza.

Using the Nintendo Store app requires linking your Nintendo account.

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Technologies

I’m Excited for Samsung’s Trifold Phone, but Its Design Might Be a Weak Spot

Commentary: Samsung’s trifold foldable might not be as similar to the Huawei Mate XT Ultimate as I thought. And that has me worried.

Ever since I first used Huawei’s trifold phone, the Mate XT Ultimate, I have wanted Samsung to launch a similar foldable. Lucky for me, rumors suggest that Samsung has been developing one for a long time and that the new foldable will be released on Dec. 5, in just a couple of weeks. On an earnings call in August, which Seeking Alpha shared, Samsung teased its triple-screen foldable, saying it aims to be a leader in «innovative form factors like the upcoming trifold device.»

I look forward to Samsung’s trifold because Huawei’s trifold phone, which I have used, is brilliant. I should mention that neither device folds three times; each only has two hinges, which segments the screen into three sections, hence the name. And yes, calling either of these phones a trifold makes as much sense as calling a horizontal board with two wheels a hoverboard.

The Huawei Mate XT Ultimate has two hinges that allow it to fold into a Z-shape. These hinges also let it transform into several devices. Unlike the Galaxy Z Fold 7, which has a single hinge and can be used as either a phone or a mini tablet, Huawei’s device can function as a standard phone, a small tablet, or a full-size tablet. Huawei’s trifold phone has one of the most useful designs I’ve tested, with an interface that is as inventive as it is intuitive. As rumors about Samsung’s trifold phone leaked, I kept imagining how its phone could take what Huawei did to the next level.

But then Samsung showcased its dual-hinge phone at a tech exhibition during the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation CEO Summit in South Korea, where The Chosun Daily filmed the Galaxy trifold in all its glory. When I saw the video, I was worried. This isn’t what I hoped for. From what I saw, Samsung’s trifold might not live up to my expectations. I’m sure it’ll have unique use cases with its big tablet-size folding screen, but it might miss the mark. 

Huawei vs. Samsung trifold: Two hinges and two different designs

Both the Huawei Mate XT and Samsung’s upcoming trifold phone have two hinges, but there are major hardware differences between the two devices.

First, the Mate XT’s hinges fold in opposite directions, giving it a Z-shape. In comparison, Samsung has designed the two hinges to fold in the same direction — inward, to form a G-shape. As CNET’s David Lumb reported, it is ironic that the company with a Z-series of folding phones didn’t adopt that shape and format for its trifold. 

Second, the Huawei trifold has a single screen that unfolds into a bigger display. On the other hand, Samsung has added a separate cover screen because you can’t access the inner screen once it is folded closed.

Both these design choices come with their own share of durability and functionality concerns.

Huawei’s design is more flexible than its Samsung counterpart in terms of functionality. The Mate XT has only one display, but that screen is large and can convert into three smartphone/tablet designs — at least that’s why I had always thought people called this a trifold phone, despite folding only twice. You can use the Mate XT like a regular phone (fully folded), a book-style foldable (one hinge folded and the other unfolded) and a tablet (fully unfolded).

In comparison, Samsung will likely offer two ways to use its trifold device — as a phone or a tablet. Samsung’s design could protect the inner display when it’s closed, but there’s a separate screen for external use, like the Galaxy Z Fold 7. Huawei’s trifold has its soft folding display exposed at all times. Samsung’s design may prove to be more durable in the long term, but it also limits the device’s functionality.

The whole point of using a trifold is to have a three-in-one device in your pocket, and that’s why I think Huawei’s design makes more sense.

All this harkens back to the early days of book-style versus taco-style foldable designs. Book-style versions, such as the original Galaxy Fold, had a screen that folded in half and was protected inside the phone’s body when shut. Taco-style variants, like the original Huawei Mate X, had a screen that bent in half to wrap around the outside of the phone like a taco shell: always visible, less protected.

It’s all about the aspect ratios

I didn’t expect to like the Huawei Mate XT when I first started using it. After all, it is (comparatively) thick and weighs 298 grams. However, I saw unique use cases once I started traveling with the phone. I used it for reading, browsing, multitasking, watching my favorite movies and playing games, among other things. I also installed Google apps, which eliminated the need to carry a separate tablet for content consumption or productivity-focused tasks.

Huawei Mate XT Ultimate measures 3.6mm thin when fully unfolded and 12.8mm thick when folded. For context, the Apple iPhone Air is 5.6mm thick, whereas Samsung’s 2024 Galaxy Z Fold 6 measured 12.1mm when folded. (The Galaxy Z Fold 6 launched in the same year as Huawei’s trifold.)

When I use the Galaxy Z Fold 7, I’m mostly on the cover screen for browsing and reading, just as I would with any other phone, and rarely unfold it — mostly because it is so thin when closed. I only open it up to watch a video, but when I do, the letterboxing on the main screen drives me nuts. (It always does, even on the 13-inch iPad Air.) So, I tend to use the hinge to prop it up and watch videos on half the screen.

But in my time with the Huawei trifold, I unfold it much more to use as a mini tablet for browsing and reading, and I unfurl it completely when I want a truly immersive movie-watching experience on its full 10.2-inch main screen.

The Huawei Mate XT Ultimate gives you three different screen experiences, depending on how many of its segments you have opened or closed. It’s a 6.4-inch screen with a 2,232×1,008-pixel resolution (think Pixel 10 Pro Fold‘s cover screen), a 7.9-inch display with 2,232×2,048 pixels (think a little smaller than the Galaxy Z Fold 7’s main screen), and a 10.2-inch screen with a 3,184×2,232-pixel resolution (think nearly the size of an iPad).

Unlike a book-style foldable (like the Galaxy Z Fold 7 and Google Pixel 10 Pro Fold), when the Huawei Mate XT is completely unfolded, its 10.2-inch screen offers a 16:11 aspect ratio, which is closer to what you’d get on a MacBook Air‘s 16:10 display, so there’s less letterboxing when watching movies, TV shows or YouTube videos. It also retains the reading-friendly square-ish aspect ratio of a book-style foldable and folds into a «normal» proportioned phone.

In comparison, the Samsung trifold is likely to skip the option of having it transform into a book-style mini tablet. Samsung’s trifold device will feature a 6.5-inch outer screen and a tablet-size 10-inch folding display, according to the report by The Chosun Daily. This would allow Samsung to have two distinct two-in-one fold phones: a book-style foldable for productivity-focused workloads (Galaxy Z Fold) and a G-shaped fold for better content consumption (the Galaxy trifold).

However, after using the Huawei trifold full time, I want a phone with two hinges to be an all-in-one device, one that I can use as a phone and also unfold into a book-style mini tablet for reading/browsing, as well as into a full-size tablet to watch movies on the go. I found the Mate XT Ultimate especially handy during long commutes or long-haul flights due to its three distinct forms.

As for durability, I haven’t noticed any scratches on my Mate XT after a month of heavy use. The two creases have held up well, and the hinges are as strong as ever, too. When traveling, I always make sure to use the included case, which protects the always-exposed side of the screen. I can even use the case’s built-in kickstand to prop it up when the screen is fully unfolded. I even dropped the phone once, but thankfully, it didn’t break.

I am still excited to see what Samsung has to offer with its new folding phone. I understand the G-shaped design might increase the phone’s durability (compared to the Mate XT Ultimate) and that the South Korean company probably needs to have a mass-production device ready. However, Huawei has already sold more than 470,000 Mate XT trifolds, according to an IDC report (via CNBC). If I’m paying $3,000 for a trifold phone, I shouldn’t have to choose one with a screen that doesn’t allow me the design that I want. I’d rather have the Mate XT Ultimate, where I can have it all.

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Technologies

How to Feed Astronauts Bound for Mars? Try Protein Made Out of Thin Air

It’s a long trip to the red planet and space is tight, but eating well could require just a few simple ingredients.

There are no grocery stores on Mars, and resupply from Earth is many months away. As much food as future astronauts to the red planet may pack for the trip, inevitably, they’ll have to create some food of their own in an inhospitable environment. Whether they go the fanciful farm-to-table route with locally sourced potatoes, like Matt Damon’s character did in the 2015 film The Martian, remains to be seen. But they may have an even more science-forward option.

Creating protein out of thin air.

That’s the goal of a partnership between the European Space Agency and a company called Solar Foods, formed out of a scientific research program less than a decade ago, which opened its first large-scale production facility in 2024. 


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The project, dubbed HOBI-WAN (for «hydrogen oxidizing bacteria in weightlessness as a source of nutrition») in a nod to the Star Wars movies, is an outer space version of a process that Solar Foods has been working on already here on Earth. That effort involves growing bacteria in a vat with water, air and nutrients, and then drying out the bacteria, turning them into a protein powder called Solein for human consumption. 

A key next step will be to test Solein production on the International Space Station.

«Providing a sustainable and nutritious food supply which meets the energy requirements of the crew is one of the biggest challenges in human spaceflight exploration beyond low Earth orbit,» ESA said in a blog post. «In cases where pre-deployed food depots or continuous resupply missions from Earth are impractical, resource-heavy, or technically unfeasible, cost-effective alternatives are required.»

Making protein powder from air

The central goal of the HOBI-WAN project is to determine whether production of the protein-rich powder can take place in microgravity conditions. 

The process is complex, but essentially it’ll be letting nature take its course. 

«Solar Foods produces Solein by a process called gas fermentation,» Arttu Luukanen, the company’s senior vice president of space and defense, tells me. The gas fermentation process, he says, creates single-celled organisms that feed on hydrogen gas and use it to «sequester» carbon. From there, the bacteria are fed «minerals of life» such as ammonia as a nitrogen and hydrogen source. 

All the ingredients go into a bioreactor along with water and gases that are pumped in «a bit like a big SodaStream,» Luukanen says. This provides the bacteria with the proper environment to reproduce, which they do very quickly. Once the bacteria have reproduced to a sufficient quantity, they’re harvested. Some of it is set aside to seed the next round in the bioreactor, while the rest is thoroughly dried and pasteurized. 

These dried and pasteurized bacteria form the Solein product, which is composed of 78% protein, 6% fat (primarily unsaturated), 10% dietary fiber, 2% carbohydrates and 4% mineral nutrients. Luukanen says the powder can be flavored in any number of ways and on its own imparts «a very mild flavor of umami.» 

But can it work in space?

Solein production will be harder to do in space. The weightless environment, plus the limited cargo capacity and reduced space for the bioreactor, add challenges that ESA and Solar Foods believe they can solve. 

«[The] main difference for the experiment onboard the ISS is the lack of gravity, which means there is no buoyancy, which alters greatly how liquids and gases behave,» Luukanen says. The other challenge is limited physical space. Solar Foods uses bioreactors that can hold 20,000 liters or more, while the bioreactor heading to the ISS will be significantly smaller — a «few tens of liters.»

Extra steps will be required for gas safety, process monitoring, quality assurance and maintainability, as there won’t be bioprocess engineers on board to babysit the process. The product made in space also won’t be dried into a powder, at least not at the ISS. In the event of a leak, having a cloud of powder floating around in a zero-gravity environment wouldn’t be ideal. 

So in space, Solein will likely be served up as a paste.

Reduce, reuse, recycle

The last big factor is the ingredients. They’ll have to be altered to account for the lack of resources available in a long-term space flight. Recycling has long been a key component of living in space, and that’ll be true for Solein production. 

That means using CO2 from crew respiration and recycling the hydrogen gas made when the ISS uses electrolysis to turn water into oxygen for the crew. On Earth, making Solein requires a lot of water.

There will also be substitutions, such as using urea instead of ammonia, since ammonia would be dangerous if there were an accident. But that doesn’t mean that astronauts will be using urine like they do for «recycled coffee

«On Earth, we use ammonia, but for the ESA project, we’ve decided to use synthetic urea instead, mainly because it is not potentially hazardous like ammonia is if there is a spill,» Luukanen says. «Recovering the urea from urine is in principle possible, but given the small portion of urea needed, it may not make sense, especially if the urea extraction from urine involves complex and heavy equipment.»

How long could this process feed astronauts?

A trip to Mars is a much bigger time commitment than an excursion to the moon. NASA’s upcoming Artemis II mission will see astronauts circle the moon for the first time in nearly half a century, but the trip will last only 10 days. In terms of food, it’s not that big of a deal. For missions like Escapade, where two satellites will travel to Mars, the trip will take two years. Heading to the red planet, astronauts will need to pack more than a picnic. 

Should the Solein project prove successful, the amount of food it generates could theoretically feed a team of astronauts for hundreds of days while using much less cargo space than today’s space meals. Luukanen says that, as the project is being designed, the only thing astronauts would need to carry would be mineral salts, and they wouldn’t need that much.

«Even for a five-[person] crew, 900-day mission to Mars, we are talking of [less than]100 kilograms of mineral salts,» he says. 

Other technologies may also help recycle nitrogen and minerals, which would allow astronauts to reuse those materials onsite, further extending food supply. 

Using the protein powder, astronauts could make all sorts of food with the right additional ingredients. Luukanen says Solar Foods has developed recipes ranging from ice cream to cream cheese ravioli. Some of them were showcased during NASA’s Deep Space Food Challenge, which highlighted methods for long-term food solutions, including a no-light food-growing method called Nolux and a closed ecosystem that can autonomously grow food and maintain insects for use in an astronaut’s diet. 

It might not be what you’d expect from a Michelin-starred restaurant or even your neighborhood deli, but it’ll likely be better than a steady diet of Mars-grown baked potatoes.

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